The Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support, Work Engagement, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and Customer Orientation in the Public Sports Organizations Context.

As sports activities have recently become socio-culturally important in South Korea, the roles and functions of public sports organizations are attracting attention. In this situation, perceived organizational support is considered one of the significant variables to explain the attitudes and behaviors of employees within the organizations. Hence, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between perceived organizational support of public sports organizations, work engagement, organizational citizenship behavior, and customer orientation and examine the mediating effect of work engagement. This study collected data from 248 employees working for public sports organizations, and data were analyzed with SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0. The results showed the following. (1) Perceived organizational support has a significant positive effect on work engagement but does not affect organizational citizenship behavior and customer orientation. (2) Work engagement significantly positively affects organizational citizenship behavior and customer orientation. (3) Work engagement has been shown to fully mediate the relationship between perceived organizational support, organizational citizenship behavior, and customer orientation. This study suggests that public sports organizations need an efficient support strategy that can maximize employees' work engagement. For example, organizations should increase their sense of unity with employees and understand the importance of their work to strengthen perceived organizational support. Lastly, organizations need to create an environment where employees can devote themselves to and focus on their work.

A public health study on the participation mechanism of social capital in the governance of public sports space in dilapidated urban communities - a case study of Changsha City, Hunan Province.

Introduction: China's aging population, mobile population, low-income families, and other vulnerable groups congregate in dilapidated urban communities serving as public health spaces. As a result, managing public sports spaces in aging urban areas is a significant public health project in China, an essential strategy for raising residents' quality of life, and a significant effort to support the active aging of the older adult. Methods: The study used mathematical and statistical techniques, questionnaires, and logical deduction to conduct a public health study on the participation mechanism of social capital in the governance of public sports spaces in dilapidated urban communities. It chose 11 old Changsha, Hunan Province, communities as the research objects. Results: Personal social capital was found to boost the availability of public sports spaces in older populations through social connections. Collective social capital improves the availability of public sports spaces in aging populations through social trust and stabilizes the order of public sports spaces in aging communities through social involvement. Discussion: To improve the governance efficiency of public sports spaces in aging urban communities, the study aims to actively mobilize and accumulate social capital through cultivating the public spirit, reshaping the concept of sports governance, appropriately decentralizing and empowering, strengthening sports governance structures, enhancing communication and collaboration, and building sports governance. This is essential for China to fully implement the policies of active aging, a healthy China, and creating a community for global public health.

Association of Public Sports Space Perception with Health-Related Quality of Life in Middle-Aged and Older Adults-Evidence from a Survey in Shandong, China.

Creating a healthy living environment for middle-aged and older adults is a key strategy for countries to address the aging challenge, but the effects of such an environment on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of middle-aged and older adults remain underexplored. This study aimed to examine the link between public sports facilities and the HRQoL of middle-aged and older adult residents in communities. A total of 1169 respondents (average age: 66.84; male: 46.19%) were selected from the Shandong, China. This study measured respondents 'physical activity (PA) using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the HRQoL of respondents using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey, and the Public Sports Space Perception Scale for respondents' public sports space perception. Correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis were employed to test the relationship among public sports space perception, physical activity (PA), and HRQoL. The mediating role of PA was conducted using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. The results revealed that public sports space perception only influenced the HRQoL of middle-aged and older adults through light-intensity PA (PCS: B = 0.09, 95% CI 0.01, 0.03; MCS: B = 0.02, 95% CI 0.01, 0.05) among light-intensity PA, moderate-intensity PA, vigorous-intensity PA., and this mediation model varied across different age groups of middle-aged and older adults. Moreover, digital inclusion only moderated the psychological aspect of HRQoL of middle-aged and older adults (p < 0.05). This study provided empirical evidence for enhancing the HRQoL of middle-aged and older adults and offered useful insights for the planning and design of public sports facilities and the formulation of health management policies for middle-aged and older adults.

Influence of Public Sports Services on Residents' Mental Health at Communities Level: New Insights from China.

It is generally believed that sports play an important role in healing and boosting mental health. The provision of public sports services is important for enhancing residents' physical fitness and mental health, and for promoting their satisfaction with government public services. To build and strengthen a high-quality sports service-oriented society, it is important to explore whether community public sports services influence residents' mental health. To explore this phenomenon, the study gathered data from China and employed multi-level regression models to meet the study objective. The results show that the residents' age difference is 0.03, and the average daily exercise time is 0.02, which is significantly correlated with residents' mental health. The results show that the lower the availability and greening of sports facilities, and the fewer rest facilities there are, the higher the mental distress of residents may be. Conversely, the improvement of the greening and availability of sports facilities can facilitate the promotion of residents' mental health levels. Moreover, it was found that the mental health of residents is mainly and positively affected by the cleanliness of sports facilities. The street environment affects mental health and is attributed to the damage to sports facilities. Neighborhood communication also improves residents' mental health, and trust between neighbors has the greatest impact on reducing mental distress. Finally, the study proposes that the government should propose strategies to optimize the provision of community public sports services in the study area to boost both social and mental health benefits.

Accessible facilities construction and assistive technology application of public sports venues in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo investigate the current situation of accessible facilities construction and assistive technology application of existing sports venues in Shenzhen, and analyze the existing problems. MethodsFrom November 19, 2022 to Februry 17, 2023, using the standards for the construction of accessible sports venues, the accessible construction and services of public sports venues and the application of assistive technology in eight districts of Shenzhen were investigated and evaluated on the spot. ResultsThere were curb ramps and accessible public toilets for all the stadiums; surface indicator for 87.5% (7/8) stadiums; wheelchair ramps, accessible elevators and accessible wheelchair seats for 62.5% (5/8) stadiums; accessible route for 37.5% (3/8) stadiums; handrails for 12.5% (1/8) stadiums; accessible vehicles parking lots for 75% (6/8) stadiums; and 25% (2/8) stadiums used assistive technology. ConclusionThis study evaluated the accessibility of accessible facilities and assistive technologies in sports venues in Shenzhen, including entering the stadium, entering the interior of the stadium and taking exercise. In terms of accessible facilities, the number of venues for the construction of curb ramps and accessible public toilets is the most, the number of venues for the construction of accessible handrails is the least, and the application of assistive technology is the worst.

Satisfaction Levels of Young Urban Residents With Public Sports Services in China During the COVID-19 Epidemic.

The extensive changes in public and private life caused by the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in China have created a "new normal." To understand urban residents' satisfaction with public sports services under these conditions and to identify factors that influence satisfaction, urban residents in several major Chinese cities were randomly sampled with an online questionnaire to measure their level of satisfaction with public sports services in China during the COVID-19 epidemic. With the response rate of 87.9%, 703 valid questionnaires out of 800 questionnaires distributed were analyzed. A structural equation model was constructed where health literacy and the residents' expectations were independent variables, residents' participation was a mediating variable, and residents' satisfaction was the dependent variable. Cronbach's α test and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test confirmed that the questionnaire was reliable and valid. Survey results suggest that young urban residents' participation in public sports services is influenced by personal health literacy and residents' expectations. Participation serves a mediating role between health literacy and residents' satisfaction, but not between residents' expectations and their satisfaction. Young urban residents' satisfaction with public sports services may be improved by increasing access to health information, improving hardware and software platforms to support those services, and catering the services to the interests of the population.

Equity Measurement of Public Sports Space in Central Urban Areas Based on Residential Scale Data.

Urban public sports facilities have captured much public attention because of their close ties to public health. However, few studies have comprehensively assessed the equity of accessibility to various types of public sports space with a fine scale. This study proposed a spatial equity measurement method based on multi-source urban data and GIS network analysis. Residential buildings were taken as the minimum research unit to investigate the equity differences of residents' enjoyment of urban public sports space accessible by walking and public transportation. Taking Harbin, China, as an example, this study calculated and visualized the proximity of more than 12,000 residential buildings to a variety of public sports space in the central urban area. The results showed that: (1) urban centers enjoy more public sports space resources than border areas, that is, the developed area has more advantages than the emerging area; (2) according to the classification of sports space, their spatial distribution pattern and measurement results are obviously different; (3) the areas with a low walking equity degree also had a low bus equity degree. This study integrated multi-source data into the traditional spatial computing models and provided an important reference for the equitable planning of urban public sports space.

Efficiency Evaluation of China's Public Sports Services: A Three-Stage DEA Model.

Improving the level of public sports services enhances citizens' physical fitness by implementing the national fitness program. A systematic and scientific efficiency evaluation is a prerequisite for optimizing and improving the level of public sports services in China. Based on data of the Chinese Statistic Yearbook, this study adopted the three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to measure and analyze the efficiency of public sports services in 31 provinces in China in 2016. To analyze the efficiency of public sports services, technical efficiency was decomposed into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. Simultaneously, environmental variables were added to improve accuracy. The results showed that scale efficiency was overestimated, and external technical efficiency was underestimated, before the elimination of external factors and environmental variables. Environmental factors significantly impacted the efficiency of public sports services. Regional gross domestic product (GDP) had a potentially positive impact, while population size partially restricted public sports service efficiency. After eliminating the impact of environmental and random factors, the comprehensive efficiency, pure technical efficiency, and scale efficiency of public sports services all showed improvement in varying degrees. The results provide beneficial insights for the formulation of rational improvement policies for public sports services.

Urban sports service structure from the public health context / Estrutura de serviços esportivos urbanos no contexto da saúde pública / Estructura de servicios deportivos urbanos en el contexto de la salud pública

ABSTRACT With the improvement of the quality of life, the residents' requirements for the construction of urban public sports services have gradually improved. In order to improve the current urban public sports service system, this study analyzes the existing public sports service through the construction of public sports service model. The results show that the current construction of public sports service has some defects, such as single construction subject, unbalanced regional development of sports service, lack of perfect performance evaluation mechanism of sports public service, and so on. Therefore, in the process of public sports service construction, we need to pay attention to the diversification of construction subjects, the cultivation of residents' awareness of physical exercise, the improvement of performance evaluation mechanisms of sports public services, and the broadening of investment channels. These measures can improve the urban public sports service system from the perspective of public health, and create better quality public sports services. This study analyzes the problems existing in the construction of public sports service by building a model, and puts forward some suggestions for improvement, hoping to provide ideas for scholars who study related experiments.

RESUMO Com a melhoria da qualidade de vida, os requisitos da população para a construção de serviços desportivos públicos urbanos melhoraram gradualmente. A fim de melhorar o atual sistema de serviço público de esportes urbanos, este estudo analisa o serviço público de esportes existente através da construção do modelo de serviço público de esportes. Os resultados mostram que a atual construção do serviço público de esportes tem alguns defeitos, como a questão da construção única, o desenvolvimento regional desequilibrado dos serviços de esportes, a falta de um mecanismo perfeito de avaliação do desempenho do serviço público de esportes e assim por diante. Por conseguinte, no processo de construção desses serviços, temos de prestar atenção à diversificação das disciplinas de construção, à cultura da conscientização da população para o exercício físico, à melhoria do mecanismo de avaliação do desempenho do serviço público de esportes e à expansão dos canais de investimento. Essas medidas podem melhorar o sistema de serviços públicos urbanos de esportes do ponto de vista da saúde pública e criar serviços desportivos públicos de maior qualidade. Este estudo analisa os problemas existentes na construção desses serviços através da construção de um modelo, e apresenta algumas sugestões para melhorias, esperando fornecer ideias para pesquisadores que estudam experimentos relacionados.

RESUMEN Con la mejora de la calidad de vida, se han ido mejorando paulatinamente las exigencias de la población para la construcción de servicios deportivos públicos urbanos. Con el fin de mejorar el actual sistema de servicios públicos deportivos urbanos, este estudio analiza el servicio público deportivo existente mediante la construcción de un modelo de servicio público deportivo. Los resultados muestran que la construcción actual del servicio público deportivo tiene algunos defectos, como el tema de construcción única, el desarrollo regional desequilibrado del servicio deportivo, la falta de un perfecto mecanismo de evaluación del desempeño del servicio público deportivo, etc. Por ello, en el proceso de construcción de los servicios públicos deportivos, es necesario prestar atención a la diversificación de los temas de construcción, el cultivo de la conciencia de la población sobre el ejercicio físico, la mejora de los mecanismos de evaluación del desempeño de los servicios públicos deportivos y la ampliación de los canales de inversión. Estas medidas pueden mejorar el sistema de servicios deportivos públicos urbanos desde la perspectiva de la salud pública y crear servicios deportivos públicos de mayor calidad. Este estudio analiza la problemática existente en la construcción del servicio público deportivo mediante la construcción de un modelo, y presenta algunas sugerencias de mejora, esperando brindar ideas para los académicos que estudian experimentos relacionados.

The development of public sports service system in central and western regions from the perspective of national health strategy / O desenvolvimento do sistema público de serviços desportivos nas regiões central e ocidental sob a perspectiva da estratégia nacional de saúde / Desarrollo del sistema de servicios públicos de deporte en la región centro - oeste desde la perspectiva de la estrategia nacional de salud

ABSTRACT National health is a new requirement for social development in the new era and in the current situation. At present, there is a problem of unbalanced development of public sports service system among various regions in China, especially the large gap between the East and the Midwest. In order to understand the development status of public sports service system in central and western regions from the perspective of national health strategy, this study constructed the evaluation index system of public sports service in central and western regions, and revised the indicators through two rounds of expert survey, and determined the index weight using AHP. On this basis, taking a city in the central and western region to represent public sports development, the validity and rationality of the evaluation model are verified. The research shows that the public sports service system of the city has a good level and the sports service system is relatively perfect, which can meet the diversified needs of residents participating in sports to a certain extent. Therefore, the development momentum of public sports service system in central and western regions is good, but it still needs to further promote the rational allocation of regional sports resources. It is hoped that this study can provide certain reference for the development of public sports service system in central and western regions from the perspective of national health strategy.

RESUMO A saúde nacional é uma nova exigência para o desenvolvimento social na nova era e na situação atual. Atualmente, existe um problema de desenvolvimento desequilibrado do sistema de serviço público de desporto entre várias regiões da China, com sobretudo uma grande lacuna entre as regiões leste e centro-oeste. A fim de compreender o estado de desenvolvimento do sistema de serviço público de desportos nas regiões central e ocidental a partir da Perspectiva da estratégia nacional de saúde, este estudo construiu o sistema de índice de avaliação do serviço público de desporto nas regiões central e ocidental, e revisou os indicadores através de duas rondas de inquéritos especializados, e determinou o peso do índice por meio do o processo hierárquico analítico (Analytic Hierarchy Process — AHP). Nesta base, verificou-se a validade e a racionalidade do modelo de avaliação, tomando uma cidade na região central e ocidental como representativa do desenvolvimento desportivo público. A pesquisa mostra que o sistema público de serviço esportivo da Cidade tem um bom nível e o sistema de serviço desportivo é relativamente perfeito, o que pode atender às necessidades diversificadas dos residentes que praticam esportes, em certa medida. Por conseguinte, o impulso para o desenvolvimento do sistema público de serviços desportivos nas regiões central e ocidental é positivo, mas ainda precisa de promover a alocação racional dos recursos desportivos regionais. Espera-se que este estudo possa fornecer certa referência para o desenvolvimento do sistema de serviço público de desporto nas regiões centrais e ocidentais, a partir da Perspectiva da estratégia nacional de saúde.

RESUMEN Resumen: La salud nacional es un nuevo requisito para el desarrollo social en la nueva era y en la situación actual. En la actualidad, existe un problema de desarrollo desequilibrado del sistema de servicios deportivos públicos entre varias regiones de China, especialmente la gran brecha entre el Este y el Medio Oeste. Con el fin de comprender el estado de desarrollo del sistema de servicios deportivos públicos en las regiones central y occidental desde la perspectiva de la estrategia nacional de salud, este estudio construyó el sistema de índices de evaluación del servicio deportivo público en las regiones central y occidental. Con ese sistema revisó los indicadores a través de dos rondas de encuestas entre expertos y determinó el peso del índice utilizando el proceso de jerarquía analítica (PJA). Sobre esta base, tomando una ciudad de la región central y una de la occidental para representar el desarrollo deportivo público, se verificó la vigencia y racionalidad del modelo de evaluación. La investigación muestra que el sistema público de servicios deportivos de la ciudad tiene un buen nivel y el sistema de servicios deportivos es relativamente perfecto, lo que puede satisfacer las diversas necesidades de los residentes que participan en deportes. Por lo tanto, el desarrollo del sistema de servicios deportivos públicos en las regiones central y occidental es bueno, pero aún debe promover más la asignación racional de los recursos deportivos regionales. Se espera que este estudio pueda proporcionar una referencia para el desarrollo del sistema público de servicios deportivos en las regiones central y occidental desde la perspectiva de la estrategia nacional de salud.

Analysis and intervention on the influencing factors of college students' physical fitness / Análise e intervenção dos fatores influenciadores do condicionamento físico de universitários / Análisis e intervención de los factores influenciadores del acondicionamiento físico de universitarios

ABSTRACT Enhancing the physical health of college students is the fundamental guarantee of cultivating high-quality talents. In order to understand the influencing factors of college students' physical health and carry out targeted intervention, this study aims to analyze the factors affecting college students' physical health. Through the construction of physical health evaluation index and its influencing factors evaluation index, the importance of different indicators is evaluated by using the analytic hierarchy process, and a questionnaire about college students' physical health and its influencing factors is designed. The results show that the factors affecting college students' physical health include students' own factors, school factors, and others. At the same time, the insufficient construction of public sports facilities and the lack of first-class sports venues and equipment are also the reasons for the decline of college students' physique. Therefore, we can intervene in the students' physical health from the aspects of raising the students' awareness about physical exercise and Ensuring the construction of school sports facilities. It is hoped that this study can provide some reference for the empirical analysis and intervention research on the influencing factors of college students' physical health.

RESUMO Melhorar a saúde física dos estudantes universitários é a garantia fundamental de cultivar talentos de alta qualidade. A fim de compreender os fatores que influenciam a saúde física dos estudantes universitários e realizar uma intervenção direcionada, este estudo visa analisar os fatores que afetam a saúde física dos estudantes universitários. Através da construção do índice de avaliação da saúde física e do índice de avaliação dos seus fatores influenciadores, a importância de diferentes indicadores é avaliada através do processo hierárquico analítico, e um questionário sobre a saúde física dos estudantes universitários e seus fatores influenciadores é elaborado. Os resultados mostram que os fatores que afetam a saúde física dos estudantes incluem fatores próprios dos estudantes, fatores escolares, e outros. Ao Mesmo tempo, a insuficiente construção de instalações desportivas públicas e a falta de espaços desportivos de primeira classe e de equipamentos são também as razões do declínio do físico dos estudantes universitários. Por isso, podemos intervir na saúde física dos alunos a partir dos aspectos da conscientização dos estudantes, e garantir a construção de instalações desportivas escolares. Espera-se que este estudo possa fornecer alguma referência para a análise empírica e pesquisa de intervenção sobre os fatores que influenciam a saúde física dos estudantes universitários.

RESUMEN Mejorar la salud física de los estudiantes universitarios es la garantía fundamental para cultivar talentos de alta calidad. Con el fin de comprender los factores que influyen en la salud física de los estudiantes universitarios y llevar a cabo una intervención específica, este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los factores que afectan la salud física de los estudiantes universitarios. A través de la construcción del índice de evaluación de la salud física y el índice de evaluación de factores de influencia, se analiza la importancia de los diferentes indicadores utilizando el proceso de jerarquía analítica y se diseña un cuestionario sobre la salud física de los estudiantes universitarios y sus factores de influencia. Los resultados muestran que los factores que afectan la salud física de los estudiantes universitarios incluyen los propios factores de los estudiantes, los factores escolares y otros. Al mismo tiempo, la construcción insuficiente de instalaciones deportivas públicas y la falta de instalaciones y equipos deportivos de primera clase son también las razones del declive del físico de los estudiantes universitarios. Por tanto, podemos intervenir en la salud física de los alumnos sensibilizando a los alumnos sobre el ejercicio físico y asegurando la construcción de instalaciones deportivas escolares. Se espera que este estudio pueda proporcionar alguna referencia para el análisis empírico y la investigación sobre los factores que influyen en la salud física de los estudiantes universitarios.

The path of improving chinese youth's physical health from the perspective of public sports service / O caminho para a melhora do nível de saúde física dos jovens chineses a partir da perspectiva do serviço público desportivo / Opciones para mejorar la salud física de nuestros adolescentes en el marco del servicio público de deportes

ABSTRACT Teenagers are the future of our country, and their physical health has a great impact on the economic and social development of our country. In view of this, this study applied questionnaire survey, analytic hierarchy and situation analysis to construct the evaluation index system and hierarchical structure model of youth physical health promotion path, and used empirical analysis to analyze and deal with the key factors in the index system. The results show that the coordinates are (0.648, 0.648, 0.648, 654) located in the first quadrant, which indicates that the external opportunities and internal advantages have a high degree of matching; the effect of youth physical health management under the government mechanism is poor, but youth physical health management under the market mechanism needs to be established. The internal advantages of youth physical health management are relatively large, and the public management service market has great potential, and the market-oriented health construction. It is hoped that this study can provide certain reference for the improvement of Chinese teenagers' physical health.

RESUMO Os adolescentes são o futuro do nosso país, e sua saúde física tem grande impacto no desenvolvimento econômico e social do nosso país. Em vista disso, este estudo aplicou o método de levantamento por questionário, processo de hierarquia analítica e método de análise situacional para construir o sistema de índice de avaliação e modelo de estrutura hierárquica do caminho da melhora da saúde física entre os jovens, e usou o método de análise empírica para analisar e tratar os fatores-chave do sistema de índice. Os resultados mostram que as coordenadas estão (0.648, 0.648, 0.648, 0.648, 654) localizadas no primeiro quadrante, o que indica que as oportunidades externas e as vantagens internas têm um alto grau de correspondência; o efeito da gestão da saúde física dos jovens no âmbito do mecanismo governamental é precária, mas a gestão da saúde física dos jovens no âmbito do mecanismo de mercado precisa de ser estabelecida. As vantagens internas da gestão da saúde física dos jovens são relativamente grandes, e o mercado de serviços de gestão pública tem um grande potencial, além da saúde orientada para o mercado. Espera-se que este estudo possa fornecer alguma referência para a melhoria da saúde física dos adolescentes chineses.

RESUMEN Los adolescentes son el futuro de nuestro país y su salud física tiene un gran impacto en el desarrollo económico y social de nuestro país. En vista de esto, este estudio aplicó encuestas de cuestionario, procesos de jerarquía analítica y análisis de situación para construir el sistema de índices de evaluación y el modelo de estructura jerárquica del camino de promoción de la salud física de los jóvenes, y utilizó análisis empíricos para tratar los factores clave en el sistema de índices. Los resultados muestran que las coordenadas están (0.648, 0.648, 0.648, 654) ubicadas en el primer cuadrante, lo que indica que las oportunidades externas y las ventajas internas tienen un alto grado de coincidencia. El efecto de la gestión de la salud física de los jóvenes bajo el mecanismo del gobierno es pobre, es necesario establecer la gestión de la salud física de los jóvenes bajo el mecanismo del mercado. Las ventajas internas de la gestión de la salud física de los jóvenes son relativamente grandes y el servicio de gestión pública del mercado tiene un gran potencial. Por eso es necesaria la construcción de la salud orientada al mercado. Se espera que este estudio pueda proporcionar una referencia para la mejora de la salud física de los adolescentes chinos.

The construction of a comprehensive evaluation system of regional public sports service supply in china based on recipient satisfaction index model / A construção do sistema de avaliação abrangente da oferta regional de serviço públicos de esportes na china com base no índice de satisfação de beneficiários / Construcción de un sistema de evaluación integral del desempeño de la oferta de servicios deportivos públicos regionales en china basado en el modelo de índice de satisfacción de la audiencia

ABSTRACT The comprehensive performance evaluation system of public sports service is an important part of public sports service system in China. How to objectively and comprehensively evaluate the present situation of public sports service performance in our country has always been a difficult problem in the development of public sports service. Based on the five principles of constructing the recipient satisfaction index, the PCSSI model of the comprehensive evaluation system of public sports service supply was constructed using scale design. Large-scale stadiums in seven districts of Shenyang were selected for investigation. The recipient satisfaction index model was established to compare the satisfaction index of the 7 regions, and analyze the influencing factors of the satisfaction index of public sports service supply, and put forward some suggestions for improving the service level of large stadiums and gymnasiums in Shenyang. Practice has proved that the application of the PCSSI model has a positive effect on improving the performance level of public sports service supply in China.

RESUMO O sistema abrangente de avaliação do desempenho dos serviços públicos de esportes é uma parte importante do sistema de serviço público de esportes na China. Como avaliar objetivamente e exaustivamente a situação atual do desempenho do serviço público de esportes em nosso país sempre foi um problema difícil no desenvolvimento do serviço público de esportes. Com base nos Cinco princípios de construção do índice de satisfação dos beneficiários, o modelo PCSSI do sistema de avaliação global do desempenho dos serviços públicos desportivos foi construído pelo projeto de escala. Os estádios de grande porte de sete distritos de Shenyang foram selecionados para investigação. O modelo do índice de satisfação dos beneficiários foi estabelecido para comparar o índice de satisfação das 7 regiões, e analisar os fatores que influenciam o índice de satisfação com os serviços públicos de esportes, e apresentar algumas sugestões para melhorar o nível de serviço dos grandes estádios e ginásios em Shenyang. A prática provou que a aplicação do modelo PCSSI tem efeito positivo na melhoria do nível de desempenho dos serviços públicos esportivos na China.

RESUMEN El sistema integral de evaluación del rendimiento del servicio público de deportes es una parte importante de ese sistema en China. Cómo evaluar de manera objetiva e integral la situación actual del desempeño del servicio público deportivo en nuestro país siempre ha sido un problema difícil. Sobre la base de los cinco principios para la construcción del índice de satisfacción del receptor, se construyó el modelo PCSSI del sistema de evaluación integral de la oferta de servicios deportivos públicos utilizando un diseño a escala. Se seleccionaron estadios a gran escala en siete distritos de Shenyang para su investigación. El modelo de índice de satisfacción del receptor se estableció para comparar el índice de satisfacción de las 7 regiones, analizar los factores que influyen en el índice de satisfacción de la oferta de servicios deportivos públicos y presentar algunas sugerencias para mejorar el nivel de servicio de los grandes estadios y gimnasios en Shenyang. La práctica ha demostrado que la aplicación del modelo PCSSI tiene un efecto positivo en la mejora del nivel de rendimiento de la oferta de servicios deportivos públicos en China.

The construction of urban public sports service from the perspective of public health / Construção de serviços desportivos públicos urbanos sob a perspectiva da saúde pública / Construcción de servicios deportivos públicos urbanos desde la perspectiva de la salud pública

ABSTRACT With the deepening of urban public sports service construction in China, the construction of public sports service system has become an important guarantee for mass sports rights in China. In view of this, this study takes City XX as an example, and analyzes the difference of public sports service construction in this city using the Theil index method, and determines the measurement index. It analyzes the equality degree of service resource allocation among and within the four regions of City XX, including A, B, C, D, and so on. The influencing factors of sports service efficiency are analyzed. The results show that there are significant differences in the allocation of public sports service resources among districts and counties of City XX. From the overall difference, the total Theil index of national fitness and sports clubs showed an upward trend, while others showed a downward trend. From the perspective of regional differences, there were 6 indicators with the highest equalization level in area C and 5 indicators in area A. The lowest level was found. Population density, per capita GDP, aging rate and urbanization rate of city XX have obvious positive correlations with public sports service efficiency. The aging rate is the most positive factor, while per capita GDP and population density have little influence. This study can provide some reference value for other cities in China in the construction of public sports services.

RESUMO Com o aprofundamento da construção de serviços públicos desportivos urbanos na China, a construção de um sistema público de serviço desportivo tornou-se uma importante garantia para o exercício dos direitos desportivos em massa na China. Em vista disso, este estudo toma a Cidade XX como exemplo, e analisa a diferença de construção de serviços públicos desportivo nessa Cidade pelo método índice de Theil, e determina o índice de medição. Analisa o grau de igualdade de alocação de recursos entre e dentro das quatro regiões da Cidade XX, incluindo as regiões A, B, C, D, e assim por diante. Os fatores que influenciam a eficiência do serviço esportivo são analisados. Os resultados mostram que há diferenças significativas na alocação de recursos públicos de serviços esportivos entre os distritos e condados da Cidade XX. A partir da diferença global, o índice total serviços de atividades físicas em âmbito nacional e clubes desportivos mostrou uma tendência ascendente, enquanto outros mostraram uma tendência descendente. Sob a perspectiva das diferenças regionais, havia seis indicadores com o mais alto nível de equalização na área C e 5 indicadores na área A. O nível mais baixo foi encontrado. A densidade populacional, o PIB per capita, a taxa de envelhecimento e taxa de urbanização da Cidade XX têm uma correlação positiva óbvia com a eficiência do serviço desportivo público. A taxa de envelhecimento é o fator mais positivo, enquanto o PIB per capita e a densidade populacional têm pouca influência. Este estudo pode fornecer algum valor de referência para outras cidades da China na construção de serviços desportivos públicos.

RESUMEN La profundización de la construcción de servicios deportivos públicos urbanos en China se ha convertido en una garantía importante para los derechos deportivos de masas en China. Ante esto, este estudio toma como ejemplo la Ciudad XX y analiza la diferencia de construcción de servicios públicos deportivos en esta ciudad utilizando el método del índice de Theil y determina el índice de medición. Verifica el grado de igualdad en la asignación de recursos de servicios entre y dentro de las cuatro regiones de la Ciudad XX incluyendo A, B, C, D, etc. También analiza los factores que influyen en la eficiencia del servicio deportivo. Los resultados muestran que existen diferencias significativas en la asignación de los recursos de los servicios deportivos públicos entre los distritos y condados de la Ciudad XX. A partir de la diferencia general, el índice de Theil total de los clubes deportivos y de educación física nacionales mostró una tendencia al alza, mientras que otros mostraron una tendencia a la baja. Desde la perspectiva de las diferencias regionales, se encontraron 6 indicadores con el nivel más alto de igualación en el área C y 5 indicadores en el área A. Se encontró también el nivel más bajo. La densidad de población, el PIB per cápita, la tasa de envejecimiento y la tasa de urbanización de la ciudad XX tienen evidentes correlaciones positivas con la eficiencia de los servicios deportivos públicos. La tasa de envejecimiento es el factor más positivo, mientras que el PIB per cápita y la densidad de población tienen poca influencia. Este estudio puede aportar algún valor de referencia para otras ciudades de China en la construcción de servicios deportivos públicos.

The Effectiveness of Community Sports Provision on Social Inclusion and Public Health in Rural China.

It is well known that increasing participation in physical activities is not only positive for individual health promotion, but also beneficial for community-level public health by enhancing the individual's social well-being by facilitating social inclusion. Although the provision of community sports affects participation in physical activities, the magnitude and direction of this effect are still not clear. Under this circumstance, this paper examined the effects of community sports provision on social inclusion and public health using the micro-level data from a household survey conducted in eight provinces of rural China. For the purpose of this paper, the degree of social inclusion was proxied by participation in community sports, while public health was measured by the probability of getting ill for members of each household. The empirical results show that community sports provision was partially effective in promoting inclusion and health in rural areas. Specifically, constructing public sports facilities significantly increases participation in community sports and decreases the risk of getting ill. In contrast, organizing public sports activities increases the opportunity for households to play sports. Nonetheless, it does not promote public health. Equally important is that economic growth (reflected in the increase in income level) may enhance public health through advancing medical technologies and improving sanitary conditions instead of encouraging participation in community sports.

Spatial association of public sports facilities with body mass index in Korea.

Governments and also local councils create and enforce their own regional public health care plans for the problem of overweight and obesity in the population. Public sports facilities can help these plans. In this paper, we investigated the contribution of public sports facilities to the reduction of the obesity of local residents. We used the data obtained from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys; and measured the degree of obesity using body mass index (BMI). We conducted various spatial regression analyses including the global Moran's I test and local indicators of spatial autocorrelation analysis finding that there exists spatial dependence in the error term of spatial regression model for BMI. However, we also observed that the number of local public sports facilities is not significantly related to local BMI. This result can be caused by the low utilization ratio and an unbalanced spatial distribution of local public sports facilities. Based on our findings, we suggest that local councils need to improve the quality of public sports facilities encouraging the establishment of preferred types of pubic sports facilities.

A POLÍTICA DE ESPORTE DO DISTRITO FEDERAL DO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE DE SUA CONFIGURAÇÃO, ABRANGÊNCIA E GASTO PÚBLICO ENTRE 2008 E 2014 / LA POLÍTICA DEL DEPORTE EN EL DISTRITO FEDERAL DE BRASIL: UN ANÁLISIS DE SU CONFIGURACIÓN, COBERTURA Y GASTO PÚBLICO ENTRE 2008 Y 2014 / THE SPORTS POLICY OF THE FEDERAL DISTRICT OF BRAZIL: AN ANALYSIS OF ITS CONFIGURATION, COVERAGE AND PUBLIC SPENDING BETWEEN 2008 AND 2014

apresentar uma análise da política de esporte do Distrito Federal no período de 2008 a 2014. A análise considerou os seguintes aspectos: configuração do direito, abrangência da política e gasto público. Método: a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de pesquisa documental nos Planos Plurianuais 2008/2011 e 2012/2015 e dados das despesas públicas da Secretaria de Esporte, disponíveis no Portal Eletrônico da Transparência do Distrito Federal. Resultados y conclusão: foram identificados limites para o acesso ao direito ao esporte no Distrito Federal: foco dos gastos previstos no esporte de rendimento, dualidada entre efetivar o direito ao esporte e a realização dos grandes eventos esportivos, foco na realização de eventos descontínuos, política esportiva focalizada na juventude pobre e maior parte do gasto público ter sido com gestão. Houveram avanços: participação maciça da população nos programas contínuos de esporte e priorização do gasto público na dimensão do esporte-participação.

Objetivo: se presenta un análisis de la política deportiva del Distrito Federal en el período de 2008 a 2014. El análisis considera los siguientes aspectos: la configuración correcta, la cobertura de la política y el gasto público. Método: la recolección de datos se llevó a cabo a través de la investigación documental en el Plan Plurianual 2008/2011 y 2012/2015 y los datos de los gastos públicos de la Secretaría de Deporte, disponibles en el Portal electrónico de Transparencia del Distrito Federal. Resultados y conclusión: se identificaron los límites para el acceso al derecho al deporte en el Distrito Federal: el foco de los gastos previstos en el deporte de rendimiento, dualidad entre hacer efectivo el derecho al deporte y la realización de grandes eventos deportivos, foco en la realización de eventos discontinuos, política deportiva centrada en la juventud pobre y la mayor parte del gasto público ha sido en gestión. Hubo avances: participación masiva de la población en los programas continuos de deporte y priorización del gasto público en la dimensión del deporte-participación.

Aim: This article presents a sports policy analysis of the Distrito Federal from 2008 to 2014. The analysis considered the following aspects: the right configuration, coverage of policy and public spending. Method: Data collection was done through documental research in Pluriannual Plans 2008/2011 and 2012/2015 and data of public spending of Sports Secretariat, available at the Transparency Electronic Portal of the Distrito Federal. Results and conclusion: limits were identified for access the right sport in the Distrito Federal: focus of planned spending in performance sports, duality between effecting the right to sport and the holding of major sporting events, focus on discontinuous events, sports policy focused on poor youth and the majority of public spending has been in management. There have been advances: massive participation of the population in the continuous sports programs and prioritization of public spending in the dimension of sport-participation.